【论文知识】如何让实验性论文的语言更简洁明了?附举例
时间:2024-12-10 13:20:08

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要让实验性论文的语言更简洁明了,可以从以下几个方面入手,并参考以下示例:

避免冗长表述:

用简洁的词汇替代复杂的词组。例如,用 “use” 代替 “make use of”,“increase” 代替 “bring about an increase in”。比如在描述实验材料用量增加时,直接写 “the amount of the experimental material increased”,而不是 “there was a bringing about of an increase in the amount of the experimental material”。

删减不必要的修饰语。如果一个形容词或副词对句子核心意义没有关键作用,可考虑删除。如 “the highly significant result”,若 “significant” 本身足以表达重要性,可简化为 “the significant result”。

简化句子结构:

减少从句的嵌套。例如,原句 “After the experiment, which was conducted in a controlled environment where the temperature and humidity were strictly regulated, we found that...” 可简化为 “After the experiment in a controlled environment with regulated temperature and humidity, we found that...”。

把长句拆分成短句。比如 “The samples, which were collected from different locations and had been stored under specific conditions for a long period of time, were then analyzed using a series of complex methods.” 可改写为 “The samples were collected from different locations. They had been stored under specific conditions for a long time. Then they were analyzed using a series of complex methods.”

准确使用专业术语:

确保专业术语使用正确且一致。例如在化学实验论文中,提及某种物质的名称或化学反应名称时,要遵循行业规范,不要随意更改或使用模糊的表述。如 “the oxidation of ethanol” 就不能写成 “the burning-like reaction of alcohol”。

避免过度解释专业术语。如果是本领域内熟知的术语,无需过多解释,除非是面向跨学科读者或首次提出的新术语。比如在物理学论文中提到 “Newton's second law”,无需详细阐述其具体内容,除非有特殊目的。

善用图表辅助说明:

将复杂的数据或流程用图表展示,然后在文中简要提及图表内容。例如,在描述实验中多个样本在不同时间点的测量数据变化时,可制作折线图或柱状图,并在文中写 “Figure 1 shows the variation of the measured values of different samples over time.”,而无需在文中逐一罗列数据。

对于实验装置或流程,如果文字描述较为繁琐,可以提供清晰的示意图,并在文中说明 “See Figure 2 for the schematic diagram of the experimental setup.” 这样可以大大简化对实验装置和流程的文字叙述。

明确指代关系:

使用代词时确保其指代清晰。如 “After the researcher added the reagent to the solution, he heated it.” 这里的 “he” 指代 “the researcher”,“it” 指代 “the solution”,要避免产生歧义。若前文提到多个对象,尽量避免使用容易混淆的代词,可重复对象名称以确保清晰。

对于首次出现的概念或事物,给予明确的命名或定义,后续使用时指代明确。例如,“We defined a new parameter, named it as 'efficiency index'. The efficiency index was then used to evaluate...”


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